coding style - Where did the notion of "one return only" come from? - Software Engineering Stack Exchange



coding style - Where did the notion of "one return only" come from? - Software Engineering Stack Exchange

This notion of Single Entry, Single Exit (SESE) comes from languages with explicit resource management, like C and assembly. In C, code like this will leak resources:

void f()  {    resource res = acquire_resource();  // think malloc()    if( f1(res) )      return; // leaks res    f2(res);    release_resource(res);  // think free()  }

In such languages, you basically have three options:

  • Replicate the cleanup code.
    Ugh. Redundancy is always bad.

  • Use a goto to jump to the cleanup code.
    This requires the cleanup code to be the last thing in the function. (And this is why some argue that goto has its place. And it has indeed – in C.)

  • Introduce a local variable and manipulate control flow through that.
    The disadvantage is that control flow manipulated through syntax (think break, return, if, while) is much easier to follow than control flow manipulated through the state of variables (because those variables have no state when you look at the algorithm).

In assembly it's even weirder, because you can jump to any address in a function when you call that function, which effectively means you have an almost unlimited number of entry points to any function. (Sometimes this is helpful. Such thunks are a common technique for compilers to implement the this pointer adjustment necessary for calling virtual functions in multiple-inheritance scenarios in C++.)

When you have to manage resources manually, exploiting the options of entering or exiting a function anywhere leads to more complex code, and thus to bugs. Therefore, a


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