Difference between save vs persist and saveOrUpdate in Hibernate



Difference between save and saveOrUpdate in Hibernate
save() generates a new identifier and INSERT record into database while saveOrUpdate can either INSERT or UPDATE based upon existence of record.
Clearly saveOrUpdate is more flexible in terms of use but it involves an extra processing to find out whether record already exists in table or not.

In summary  save() method saves records into database by INSERT SQL query, Generates a new identifier and return the Serializable identifier back. On the other hand  saveOrUpdate() method either INSERT or UPDATE based upon existence of object in database. If persistence object already exists in database then UPDATE SQL will execute and if there is no corresponding object in database than INSERT will run.

Difference between save and persist method in Hibernate
1. The return type: Similar to save method persist also INSERT records into database but return type of persist is void while return type of save is Serializable object.

2. both methods make a transient instance persistent. However, persist() method doesn't guarantee that the identifier value will be assigned to the persistent instance immediately, the assignment might happen at flush time.

3. persist() method guarantees that it will not execute an INSERT statement if it is called outside of transaction boundaries. save() method does not guarantee the same, it returns an identifier, and if an INSERT has to be executed to get the identifier (e.g. "identity" generator), this INSERT happens immediately, no matter if you are inside or outside of a transaction.

4. Because of its above behavior of persist method outside transaction boundary, its useful in long-running conversations with an extended Session context. On the other hand save method is not good in a long-running conversation with an extended Session context.

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