Reconstruct tree from pre-order traversal | PROGRAMMING INTERVIEWS



A tree has a special property where leaves are represented with ‘L’ and non-leaf with ‘N’. Each node has either 0 or 2 children. If given preorder traversal of this tree, construct the tree.
Since every node has either 2 children or no child, we can surely say that if a node exists then its sibling also exists. So every time we are computing a subtree, we need to compute its sibling subtree as well.
Secondly, whenever we get ‘L’ in the input string, that is a leaf so we can stop for a particular subtree at that point. So after this ‘L’ node (left child of its parent ‘L’), it’s sibling starts. If ‘L’ node is right child of its parent, then we need to go up in the hierarchy to find next subtree to compute.
tree* construct_tree(char* A, int *i)
{
    //Boundary Condition
    if (A == NULL){
            return NULL;
    }

    tree *node = newnode(A[*i]);
    //On reaching leaf node, return
    if (A[*i] == 'L'){
            return node;
    }

    //Populate left sub tree
    *i = *i + 1;
    node->left = construct_tree(A, i);

    //Populate right sub tree
    *i = *i + 1;
    node->right = construct_tree(A, i);

    return node;

}
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