《Cracking the Coding Interview》――第18章:难题――题目13 - zhuli19901106 - 博客园



《Cracking the Coding Interview》――第18章:难题――题目13 - zhuli19901106 - 博客园

题目:给定一个字母组成的矩阵,和一个包含一堆单词的词典。请从矩阵中找出一个最大的子矩阵,使得从左到右每一行,从上到下每一列组成的单词都包含在词典中。

解法:O(n^3)级别的时间和空间进行动态规划。这道题目和第17章的最后一题很像,由于这题的时间复杂度实在是高,我动手写了字典树进行加速。如果单纯用哈希表来作为词典,查询效率实际会达到O(n)级别,导致最终的算法复杂度为O(n^4)。用字典树则可以加速到O(n^3),因为对于一个字符串"abcd",只需要从字典树的根节点出发往下走,就可以一次性判断"a"、"ab"、"abc"、"abcd"是否包含在字典里,而用哈希表无法做到这样的效率。动态规划过程仍然是O(n^4)级别,字典树只是将查单词的过程中进行了加速,从O(n^4)加速到了O(n^3)。空间复杂度为O(n^3),用于标记横向和纵向的每一个子段是否包含在字典里。


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