[CareerCup] 18.6 Smallest One Million Numbers 最小的一百万个数字 - Grandyang - 博客园



[CareerCup] 18.6 Smallest One Million Numbers 最小的一百万个数字 - Grandyang - 博客园

18.6 Describe an algorithm to find the smallest one million numbers in one billion numbers. Assume that the computer memory can hold all one billion numbers.

 

这道题让我们在十亿个数字中找到最小的一百万个数字,而且限定了计算机只有能存十亿个数字的内存。这题有三种解法,排序,最小堆,和选择排序。

首先来看排序方法,这种方法简单明了,就是把这十亿个数字按升序排列,然后返回前一百万个即可,时间复杂度是O(nlgn)。

然后来看最小堆做法,我们建立一个最大堆(大的数字在顶端),然后将前一百万个数字加进去。然后我们开始遍历剩下的数字,对于每一个数字,我们将其加入堆中,然后删掉堆中最大的数字。遍历接受后,我们就有了一百万个最小的数字,时间复杂度是O(nlgm),其中m是我们需要找的数字个数。

最后我们来看选择排序的方法,这种方法可以在线性时间内找到第i个最大或最小的数,如果数字都不是不同的,那么我们可以在O(n)的时间内找到第i个最小的数字,算法如下:

1. 随机选取数组中的一个数字当做pivot,然后以此来分割数组,记录分割处左边的数字的个数。

2. 如果左边正好有i个数字,那么返回左边最大的数字。

3. 如果左边数字个数大于i,那么继续在左边递归调用这个方法。

4. 如果左边数字个数小于i,那么在右边递归调用这个方法,但是此时的rank变为i - left_size。


Read full article from [CareerCup] 18.6 Smallest One Million Numbers 最小的一百万个数字 - Grandyang - 博客园


No comments:

Post a Comment

Labels

Algorithm (219) Lucene (130) LeetCode (97) Database (36) Data Structure (33) text mining (28) Solr (27) java (27) Mathematical Algorithm (26) Difficult Algorithm (25) Logic Thinking (23) Puzzles (23) Bit Algorithms (22) Math (21) List (20) Dynamic Programming (19) Linux (19) Tree (18) Machine Learning (15) EPI (11) Queue (11) Smart Algorithm (11) Operating System (9) Java Basic (8) Recursive Algorithm (8) Stack (8) Eclipse (7) Scala (7) Tika (7) J2EE (6) Monitoring (6) Trie (6) Concurrency (5) Geometry Algorithm (5) Greedy Algorithm (5) Mahout (5) MySQL (5) xpost (5) C (4) Interview (4) Vi (4) regular expression (4) to-do (4) C++ (3) Chrome (3) Divide and Conquer (3) Graph Algorithm (3) Permutation (3) Powershell (3) Random (3) Segment Tree (3) UIMA (3) Union-Find (3) Video (3) Virtualization (3) Windows (3) XML (3) Advanced Data Structure (2) Android (2) Bash (2) Classic Algorithm (2) Debugging (2) Design Pattern (2) Google (2) Hadoop (2) Java Collections (2) Markov Chains (2) Probabilities (2) Shell (2) Site (2) Web Development (2) Workplace (2) angularjs (2) .Net (1) Amazon Interview (1) Android Studio (1) Array (1) Boilerpipe (1) Book Notes (1) ChromeOS (1) Chromebook (1) Codility (1) Desgin (1) Design (1) Divide and Conqure (1) GAE (1) Google Interview (1) Great Stuff (1) Hash (1) High Tech Companies (1) Improving (1) LifeTips (1) Maven (1) Network (1) Performance (1) Programming (1) Resources (1) Sampling (1) Sed (1) Smart Thinking (1) Sort (1) Spark (1) Stanford NLP (1) System Design (1) Trove (1) VIP (1) tools (1)

Popular Posts