[CareerCup] 10.6 Find Duplicate URLs 找重复的URL链接 - Grandyang - 博客园



[CareerCup] 10.6 Find Duplicate URLs 找重复的URL链接 - Grandyang - 博客园

这道题让我们在一百亿个URL链接中寻找相同项,看这数据量简直吓尿了,如果每个URL链接平均100个字符的话,每个字符是4个字节,那么总共需要占4TB的空间,我们无法在内存中导入这么大的数据量。假如我们恩能够把数据全部导入到内存中,那么找重复项就不是一件难事,我们可以使用哈希表来建立每个URL和其是否存在过建立映射,很容易能找到重复项。那么下面来看我们怎么处理这么大的数据量,我们可以有如下两种方法:

1. 硬盘存储

将所有的数据存到一台机子上,我们可以把4TB的数据分为4000份,每份1GB大小,然后我们把每个URL u存在文件x.txt中,其中x=hash(u)%4000,这样具有相同哈希值的URL都被放到一个文件中了。然后我们再把每个文件导入内存,来寻找重复值。

2. 多台机器

另一种方法是使用多台机器,我们不是将数据存在x.txt,而是将URL发给机器x. 使用这种方法有好处也有坏处。好处是可以并行操作,4000个块可以同时进行操作。坏处是我们需要4000台机器,这不太现实,而且还要考虑如何处理失败。


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