从理论到实践,全方位认识DNS(理论篇) | Just For Fun



从理论到实践,全方位认识DNS(理论篇) | Just For Fun

对于 DNS(Domain Name System) 大家肯定不陌生,不就是用来将一个网站的域名转换为对应的IP吗。当我们发现可以上QQ但不能浏览网页时,我们会想到可能是域名服务器挂掉了;当我们用别人提供的hosts文件浏览到一个"不存在"的网页时,我们会了解到域名解析系统的脆弱。

然而关于DNS还有一大堆故事值得我们去倾听,去思考。

DNS 源起

要想访问网络上的一台计算机,我们必须要知道它的IP地址,但是这些地址(比如243.185.187.39)只是一串数字,没有规律,因此我们很难记住。并且如果一台计算机变更IP后,它必须通知所有的人。

显然,直接使用IP地址是一个愚蠢的方案。于是人们想出了一个替代的方法,即为每一台计算机起一个名字,然后建立计算机名字到地址的一个映射关系。我们访问计算机的名字,剩下的名字到地址的转换过程则由计算机自动完成。


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