纯线性同余随机数生成器 - Fangzhen - 博客园



纯线性同余随机数生成器 - Fangzhen - 博客园

  1. 线性同余随机数生成器介绍:

古老的LCG(linear congruential generator)代表了最好最朴素的伪随机数产生器算法。主要原因是容易理解,容易实现,而且速度快。 

LCG 算法数学上基于公式:

X(n+1) = (a * X(n) + c) % m

其中,各系数为:

模m, m > 0
系数a, 0 < a < m
增量c, 0 <= c < m
原始值(种子) 0 <= X(0) < m
其中参数c, m, a比较敏感,或者说直接影响了伪随机数产生的质量。
一般而言,高LCG的m是2的指数次幂(一般2^32或者2^64),因为这样取模操作截断最右的32或64位就可以了。多数编译器的库中使用了该理论实现其伪随机数发生器rand()。


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