写了这么多年代码,你真的了解SOLID吗? – ThoughtWorks洞见



写了这么多年代码,你真的了解SOLID吗? – ThoughtWorks洞见

尽管大家都认为SOLID是非常重要的设计原则,并且对每一条原则都耳熟能详,但我发现大部分开发者并没有真正理解。要获得最大收益,就必须理解它们之间的关系,并综合应用所有这些原则。只有把SOLID作为一个整体,才可能构建出坚实(Solid)的软件。遗憾的是,我们看到的书籍和文章都在罗列每个原则,没有把它们作为一个整体来看,甚至提出SOLID原则的Bob大叔也没能讲透彻。因此我尝试介绍一下我的理解。

先抛出我的观点: 单一职责是所有设计原则的基础,开闭原则是设计的终极目标。里氏替换原则强调的是子类替换父类后程序运行时的正确性,它用来帮助实现开闭原则。而接口隔离原则用来帮助实现里氏替换原则,同时它也体现了单一职责。依赖倒置原则是过程式编程与OO编程的分水岭,同时它也被用来指导接口隔离原则。关系如下图:


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