Hadoop 3.0新特性预览



Hadoop 3.0新特性预览

2.1 Hadoop Common

1)精简Hadoop内核,包括剔除过期的API和实现,将默认组件实现替换成最高效的实现(比如将FileOutputCommitter缺省实现换为v2版本,废除hftp转由webhdfs替代,移除Hadoop子实现序列化库org.apache.hadoop.Records

2Classpath isolation以防止不同版本jar包冲突,比如google Guava在混合使用HadoopHBaseSpark时,很容易产生冲突。(https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HADOOP-11656

3Shell脚本重构。 Hadoop 3.0Hadoop的管理脚本进行了重构,修复了大量bug,增加了新特性,支持动态命令等。https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HADOOP-9902

 

2.2 Hadoop HDFS

 

1HDFS支持数据的擦除编码,这使得HDFS在不降低可靠性的前提下,节省一半存储空间。(https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HDFS-7285

2)多NameNode支持,即支持一个集群中,一个active、多个standby namenode部署方式。注:多ResourceManager特性在hadoop 2.0中已经支持。(https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HDFS-6440

 

2.3 Hadoop MapReduce

 

1Tasknative优化。为MapReduce增加了C/C++map output collector实现(包括SpillSortIFile等),通过作业级别参数调整就可切换到该实现上。对于shuffle密集型应用,其性能可提高约30%。(https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/MAPREDUCE-2841

2MapReduce内存参数自动推断。在Hadoop 2.0中,为MapReduce作业设置内存参数非常繁琐,涉及到两个参数:mapreduce.{map,reduce}.memory.mbmapreduce.{map,reduce}.java.opts,一旦设置不合理,则会使得内存资源浪费严重,比如将前者设置为4096MB,但后者却是"-Xmx2g",则剩余2g实际上无法让java heap使用到。(https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/MAPREDUCE-5785

 

2.4 Hadoop YARN


1)基于cgroup的内存隔离和IO Disk隔离(https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/YARN-2619

2curator实现RM leader选举(https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/YARN-4438

3containerresizinghttps://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/YARN-1197

4Timelineserver next generation https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/YARN-2928

 

3.   Hadoop3.0总结


Hadoop 3.0alpha版预计今年夏天发布,GA版本11月或12月发布。


Hadoop 3.0中引入了一些重要的功能和优化,包括HDFS 可擦除编码、多Namenode支持、MR Native Task优化、YARN基于cgroup的内存和磁盘IO隔离、YARN container resizing等。

 


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